See ciberterrorismo on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"κυβερνάω",
"κυβερνάω#Ancient_Greek:_to_steer"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
],
[
"-τῐς",
"-τις#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-σῐς",
"-σις#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-tós"
],
[
"-τος",
"-τος#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-τῐκός",
"-τικός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"κυβερνητικός",
"κυβερνητικός#Ancient_Greek:_good_at_steering"
],
[
"cybernetic",
"cybernetic#English:_cybernetics"
],
[
"cyber-",
"cyber-#English"
],
[
"ciber-",
"ciber-#Spanish"
],
[
"*tres-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tres-#Proto-Indo-European:_tremble"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_causative_suffix"
],
[
"*troséyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/troséyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_scare"
],
[
"*troseō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/troseō#Proto-Italic:_frighten"
],
[
"terreō",
"terreo#Latin:_frighten"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*-ōs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ōs#Proto-Indo-European:_nouns"
],
[
"*-ōs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ōs#Proto-Italic:_nouns"
],
[
"-or",
"-or#Latin:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"terrōrem",
"terror#Latin"
],
[
"terror",
"terror#Spanish"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"*-mos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
],
[
"*-mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
],
[
"-μός",
"-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ῐσμός",
"-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ismus",
"-ismus#Latin:_-ism"
],
[
"-ismo",
"-ismo#Spanish"
],
[
"terrorismo",
"terrorismo#Spanish"
],
[
"ciber-",
"ciber-#Spanish"
],
[
"terrorismo",
"terrorismo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciber-",
"4": "terrorismo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"clip.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Clipping of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cybernetics\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"good at steering\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to steer\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κυβερνάω\", \"gloss\" : \"to steer\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-σῐς\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-kos<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-kos<id:adjectives>>>\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐκός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κυβερνητικός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cybernetic\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cyber-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciber-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"terrōrem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"frighten\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"frighten\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"scare\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tremble\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tres-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"causative suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*troséyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*troseō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"terreō\", \"gloss\" : \"to frighten\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"terror\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"terror\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ism\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐσμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ismus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"terrorismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciberterrorismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"ciberterrorismo\">\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciber-",
"4": "terrorismo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "ciberterrorismo m (uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci‧ber‧te‧rro‧ris‧mo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ci‧ber‧te‧rro‧ris‧mo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish terms prefixed with ciber-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cyberterrorism"
],
"id": "en-ciberterrorismo-es-noun-jWX~jQbu",
"links": [
[
"cyberterrorism",
"cyberterrorism"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ciberterrorista"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌθibeɾteroˈɾismo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌθi.β̞eɾ.t̪e.roˈɾiz.mo]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsibeɾteroˈɾismo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌsi.β̞eɾ.t̪e.roˈɾiz.mo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ismo"
}
],
"word": "ciberterrorismo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"κυβερνάω",
"κυβερνάω#Ancient_Greek:_to_steer"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
],
[
"-τῐς",
"-τις#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-σῐς",
"-σις#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-tós"
],
[
"-τος",
"-τος#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-τῐκός",
"-τικός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"κυβερνητικός",
"κυβερνητικός#Ancient_Greek:_good_at_steering"
],
[
"cybernetic",
"cybernetic#English:_cybernetics"
],
[
"cyber-",
"cyber-#English"
],
[
"ciber-",
"ciber-#Spanish"
],
[
"*tres-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tres-#Proto-Indo-European:_tremble"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_causative_suffix"
],
[
"*troséyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/troséyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_scare"
],
[
"*troseō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/troseō#Proto-Italic:_frighten"
],
[
"terreō",
"terreo#Latin:_frighten"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*-ōs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ōs#Proto-Indo-European:_nouns"
],
[
"*-ōs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ōs#Proto-Italic:_nouns"
],
[
"-or",
"-or#Latin:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"terrōrem",
"terror#Latin"
],
[
"terror",
"terror#Spanish"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"*-mos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
],
[
"*-mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
],
[
"-μός",
"-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ῐσμός",
"-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ismus",
"-ismus#Latin:_-ism"
],
[
"-ismo",
"-ismo#Spanish"
],
[
"terrorismo",
"terrorismo#Spanish"
],
[
"ciber-",
"ciber-#Spanish"
],
[
"terrorismo",
"terrorismo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciber-",
"4": "terrorismo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"clip.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Clipping of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cybernetics\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"good at steering\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to steer\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κυβερνάω\", \"gloss\" : \"to steer\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-σῐς\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-kos<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-kos<id:adjectives>>>\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐκός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κυβερνητικός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cybernetic\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cyber-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciber-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"terrōrem\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"frighten\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"frighten\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"scare\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tremble\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tres-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"causative suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*troséyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*troseō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"terreō\", \"gloss\" : \"to frighten\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-or\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"terror\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"terror\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ism\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐσμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ismus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"terrorismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciberterrorismo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"ciberterrorismo\">\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciber-",
"4": "terrorismo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τῐκός (-tĭkós)\nAncient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós)bor.\nEnglish cyberneticclip.\nEnglish cyber-bor.\nSpanish ciber-\nProto-Indo-European *tres-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *troséyeti\nProto-Italic *troseō\nLatin terreō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Italic *-ōs\nLatin -or\nLatin terrōremlbor.\nSpanish terror\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor.\nLatin -ismuslbor.\nSpanish -ismo\nSpanish terrorismo\nSpanish ciberterrorismo\nFrom ciber- + terrorismo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "ciberterrorismo m (uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci‧ber‧te‧rro‧ris‧mo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ci‧ber‧te‧rro‧ris‧mo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ciberterrorista"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ismo",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ismo/6 syllables",
"Spanish 6-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tres-",
"Spanish terms prefixed with ciber-",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"cyberterrorism"
],
"links": [
[
"cyberterrorism",
"cyberterrorism"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌθibeɾteroˈɾismo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌθi.β̞eɾ.t̪e.roˈɾiz.mo]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsibeɾteroˈɾismo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌsi.β̞eɾ.t̪e.roˈɾiz.mo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ismo"
}
],
"word": "ciberterrorismo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciberterrorismo meaning in All languages combined (16.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.